New research by the Serup group shows how the Notch signalling pathway works when the pancreas forms as the fetus develops. This discovery may lead to new opportunities to cure people with diabetes and understand how pancreatic cancer develops.
Imagine doctors in the near future being able to cultivate stem cells that turn into the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas – and then implanting these in people with diabetes to replace their damaged beta cells and thus cure them.
This dream has just come a step closer, after researchers from DanStem have revealed how a signalling pathway that guides the development of the pancreas works.
The discovery means that researchers now understand much better what they need to do to cultivate insulin-producing beta cells in a petri dish with the goal of curing people with diabetes.
“The interesting perspective is to take fetal stem cells and direct them to become insulin-producing cells. This requires knowing how nature does this normally, and we have come a step closer to understanding this,” says Palle Serup, Professor, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, DanStem, University of Copenhagen.
Curing people with diabetes using home-grown beta cells
Phase 1 clinical trials around the world are already trying to cure people with diabetes by inserting laboratory-grown insulin-producing beta cells into people’s pancreases.
So far, the trials have been oriented towards ensuring that this procedure is safe, but the idea is to be able to cure the first people with type 1 diabetes within a few years.
Researchers from the Serup group are at the forefront of this, and leading researchers can also determine how to optimally improve the various procedures. This applies to the procedures the researchers use to develop the insulin-producing beta cells they implant in people.
The current laboratory-grown beta cells do not respond as well to glucose as they should, and the yield of the cultivation process is also relatively low.
“One reason is that we have not yet been able to fully replicate the natural process in the laboratory,” explains Palle Serup.
Current protocols do not exploit signalling pathways fully
Palle Serup and colleagues studied how the fetal pancreas develops. Many signalling pathways play a role in the process of inducing the stem cells to become the various cells of a pancreas.
These signalling pathways ensure that insulin-producing beta cells, blood vessels and the ducts that secrete digestive enzymes are produced where they are needed. The signalling pathways are communication tools between neighbouring cells, and the Notch signalling pathway that Palle Serup has now mapped is very important for the natural development of the pancreas.
“We did not know very much previously about this signalling pathway, and the protocols we use in cultivating pancreatic cells in the laboratory are therefore not very good at using the regulation of this pathway,” says Palle Serup.
Signal molecules oscillate
Notch has previously been linked to pancreatic development, and the new study explains this. The research shows that the concentration of the signal molecule DLL1 oscillates from high to low and back again, with a 45-minute interval per direction. Similarly, the oscillation activates the HES1 gene in the neighbouring cell, so the expression of this gene also begins to oscillate.
This is complicated, but Palle Serup’s research also shows that manipulating the oscillations causes the pancreas to grow more slowly. “This gives us insight into how the cells act when the pancreas is formed, and we have to recreate that activity in the petri dishes,” explains Palle Serup.
Several signal molecules guide pancreatic development
The research also shows that DLL1 is not alone in controlling pancreatic growth during fetal development. The signal molecule JAG1 also plays a role.
Both molecules target the same receptors on neighbouring cells, but DLL1 stimulates pancreatic growth by promoting cell division in neighbouring cells, whereas JAG1 inhibits growth.
JAG1 also plays a role in the paths the cells take in their development. All pancreatic cells originate from two small groups of stem cells that can develop into all the different types of pancreatic cells. During fetal development, cells develop in one direction or another. JAG1 influences the direction in which the cells develop.
When the researchers remove JAG1, too many cells develop towards cells that secrete digestive enzymes, and too few of the other types are formed. When JAG1 is present, a more appropriate number of the cells develop into insulin-producing beta cells.
To their surprise, the researchers could change the cell types by manipulating the oscillations. Attenuating the fluctuation in HES1 concentrations was equivalent to losing JAG1, whereas the opposite happened if the interval was increased from 45 to 60 minutes. “Our experiments showed that removing JAG1 or artificially inhibiting oscillations makes the pancreas develop almost no insulin-producing beta cells. This is important to know for growing pancreatic cells in the laboratory,” says Palle Serup.
Improving protocols for developing pancreatic cells
Palle Serup says that the researchers are already looking towards the next step in investigating the role of the signalling pathways in developing the pancreas. They want to confirm that these oscillations also occur in human pancreatic cells and not just in mice. Then they will investigate the extent to which they can manipulate the oscillations to control cell development.
Specifically, the researchers would like to accelerate the first cell divisions that lead to a fully developed pancreas. This will make the process in the laboratory more efficient when the cells divide more than they do today. Then the researchers will learn how to manipulate the individual steps in the process so that the finished product will resemble a natural pancreas as much as possible.
“Once the stem cells have become pancreatic cells, we need to determine whether we can make them divide more frequently and rapidly and become more normal types of cell compared with what is currently possible,” explains Palle Serup.
Discovery may also be relevant in cancer research
The research on pancreatic cells from mouse embryos also indicates new understanding of how pancreatic cancer develops. Pancreatic cancer is very rare, but the mortality rate is very high.
Researchers know from studies of people with cancer that the JAG1, DLL1 and HES1 signalling pathway is important in developing pancreatic cancer. This signalling pathway is shut down as the pancreas matures into adulthood, but among people with cancer, it is reactivated and causes uninhibited growth of cancer cells in the pancreas – and a hallmark of cancer cells is uncontrolled growth.
“Cancer may be caused by various mutations in components of this signalling pathway, and we have now begun collaborating with another researcher from the University of Copenhagen to try to understand how the signalling pathway specifically influences the development of pancreatic cancer. We do not know whether the oscillations play a role, but we will investigate these,” explains Palle Serup.
As editor-in-chief and executive editor of Knowable Magazine from Annual Reviews, we’re grateful for the invitation to write a post here at The Node about a special report on developmental biology — “Building Bodies” — that Knowable just published. We hope that the articles, written in accessible language, will intrigue and be of use to many of you.
Both of us started in research before taking a sideways step into journalism, and one of us (Rosie) became hooked on developmental biology early on: As a postdoc in the lab of UCLA and HHMI investigator Larry Zipursky in the late 1980s, she watched as the team there tracked down a key gene, bride-of-sevenless, involved in development of the Drosophila retina. (Her interest only grew after learning she had just one kidney, a developmental error that occurs in about one in 2,000 births.) It was a rare treat to fashion a package of dev bio articles all these years later. There were endless topics we could have chosen, and in the end we plumped for four in-depth feature articles focusing on body architecture topics:
As another part of the report, we wanted to touch on some older, key experiments in developmental biology. We considered presenting them in just that manner (“five seminal experiments,” or somesuch). But in the end, we decided to pose five questions of the kind that experimenters often had in mind when they did their work, and ones that a curious child might ask. Why is my heart more on the left? Why does my arm come out at my shoulders and not down at my waist? We’re grateful for the time and thoughts of Stanford developmental biologist Dominique Bergmann as we decided which questions to pick (there are zillions, and we had to limit them to five!) and made sure that a couple touched on newer focuses, such as the nascent field of systems developmental biology and the growing interest in timing during development.
Credit: James Provost
Anyone can republish these stories, either individually or as a package, if they follow some straightforward guidelines. We are proud of what we do, and the more eyes on our content, the happier that makes us! (Our current republishing partners include the Washington Post, Atlantic, Smithsonian and Scientific American.)
In addition, we very much hope that these stories might also prove useful as teaching aids, and with that in mind, we are preparing a PDF collection of them that are similarly free to obtain and use. Please contact Katie Fleeman (kfleeman@annualreviews.org) if you are interested.
Our “Building Bodies” report only begins to touch on the myriad lines of inquiry preoccupying developmental biologists today, and we hope that it offers a taste that will delight those in the know as well as members of the public. That includes people who never knew they were interested in developmental biology before they stumbled upon an article about it. Development is a theme we’ll continue to explore in future articles, comics, Q&As and multimedia content.
Finally, a bit more about KnowableMagazine. Annual Reviews, our nonprofit parent company, is well-known as the publisher of review articles on a broad range of academic topics. Its leaders are passionate about sharing established scholarly knowledge, and Knowable, which was launched in 2017, is one prong of its effort to do so. Our work is made possible by ongoing support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, as well as initial support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. As with all of Knowable Magazine’s content, these articles are written by seasoned science journalists, many of whom got their start working in science labs as we did. The pieces are carefully fact-checked and copy-edited and are accompanied by attractive graphics — many of which are also free to re-use.
Kat Arney talks with geneticist and author Dr Adam Rutherford about his new book, How to Argue With a Racist, which explores how modern genetics and old-fashioned eugenic pseudoscience are misused in pursuit of harmful political agendas.
The human evolutionary family tree isn’t a straightforward linear progression from ancient ape to modern human, but a complex, tangled web of interrelated – and interbreeding – species. People don’t stay in one place, and they aren’t always picky when it comes to picking a mate. Add up the effects over thousands and thousands of years, and it’s easy to see why trying to understand and compare the genetics of modern populations in different parts of the world is a challenging task.
The truth is that the more we study human populations on a genomic level, the more diversity we find. But we should be on guard against those who would wish to crudely slice this rich and complex tapestry of global human genetics for political ends.
We also hear from UCLA graduate student Arun Durvasula about his work searching for genetic ‘ghosts’ – the remnants of mysterious species from our past that live on within our DNA today, making up around 11 per cent of the modern human genome.
Finally, we chat to Daniel Khosravinia, a graduate student at King’s College London who has designed a Lego model depicting the discovery of the structure of DNA, complete with minifigures of Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin, James Watson and Francis Crick. If he receives 10,000 votes for his design, then it has a chance of becoming a commercially available kit. You can find out more and cast your vote on the Lego Ideas website.
If you enjoy the show, please do rate and review on Apple podcasts and help to spread the word on social media. And you can always send feedback and suggestions for future episodes and guests to podcast@geneticsunzipped.com Follow us on Twitter – @geneticsunzip
Bilaterality, the property of having two symmetrical sides, is widely conserved among animals. It is estimated that 99% of all animal species are bilaterians, with the remaining 1% composed by sponges and radial animals, which lack or have radial symmetry respectively (1). Although bilaterality is widespread among animals, little is known about how it is developmental patterned or shaped.
Observations from naturally occurring gynandromorphs such as birds, lobsters and butterflies (to name a few) suggest that cells from left and right sides remain on their own (ipsilateral) side, with little mixing seen through out life (2). In these animals the right and left sides, which have different phenotypic colors, meet at the body midline without crossing to the contralateral side. In fact, a similar phenomenon has been reported in humans: in a clinical case-report, a patient was found to have an ovary on the left side and a testicle on the right side, and further karyotyping of skin fibroblasts revealed XX sex chromosomes on left side and XY on the right (3). This information hints at the presence of mechanisms ensuring the patterning of ipsilaterality during development.
In the case of amniotes, this is particularly intriguing given that in early body patterning (gastrulation), cells undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and these cells are known to be highly invasive (4). Therefore in the recent publication Maya-Ramos and Mikawa (5), we addressed the question of how is ipsilaterality patterned during amniote gastrulation. This question was best addressed using the chick embryo, given its long-standing history as a model system in gastrulation, its handling, easy accessibility, high temporal and spatial transfection control parameters and live imaging robustness.
Our results demonstrated that ipsilaterality is patterned during gastrulation; that is, right epiblast cells undergoing EMT gave rise to right mesoendodermal cells while left epiblast cells resulted in left mesoendodermal cells. Epiblast cells undergoing EMT seldom crossed the embryonic midline. These findings are consistent with the observations of bilateral gynandromorphs and human clinical case reports, and argue that left and right sides in bilaterians are established early in development.
Gastrulation is ipsilateral and the PS midline is defined by ECM and PCD. (A) Left sided electroporation with Flag:2A:H2B-GFP. The majority of cells remain on the ipsilateral side without crossing the PS midline. Scale 500 μm. (B) PS cross-section immunofluorescent staining for laminin and cleaved caspase-3, both enriched at the PS midline. Scale 50 μm.
We found that the mechanism preventing cellular mixing was at the primitive streak (PS) midline. The PS midline was cellularly and molecularly distinct from PS lateral cells, as it was enriched with both extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and programmed cell death (PCD). The origin of PS midline cells undergoing PCD was traced to a unique posterior embryonic region, embedded within the early PS. ECM and PCD loss of function resulted in crossing of the embryonic midline to the contralateral side. However, ipsilateral gastrulation was only restored with exogenous PCD.
These results highlight two key points. One is that PCD serves as a signal that prevents cell migration – this gives PCD a positive functional role in development. It is still unclear, however, what is the mechanism by which PCD prevents contralateral migration, for instance whether steps leading to PCD or the persisting cellular debris is responsible for this phenotype. Lingering cellular debris leading to intracellular content release has being associated with pathological processes, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (6-8). Therefore, is not inconceivable that these same signals may take on a physiological role in development.
Second, these results suggest that ipsilaterality is programmed within bilaterality and that upstream signals are in place to specify PS midline cells before they undergo PCD. Therefore a persisting question is, how is the midline defined?
The Wellcome – MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute is an international centre of excellence for stem cell research and regenerative medicine. Scientists in the Institute collaborate to advance our knowledge of various stem cell types and to perform pioneering work in translational research areas, providing the foundation for new medical treatments (https://www.stemcells.cam.ac.uk/).
The Living Systems Institute (LSI) pioneers transformative science to engineer control of complex biological systems. LSI merges research in biology and medicine with ground breaking physical sciences technologies and powerful mathematical modelling capabilities. https://www.exeter.ac.uk/livingsystems
A post is open for a Research Assistant/Associate bioinformatician in the laboratory of Professor Austin Smith to work on an ERC Advanced Grant project on Plasticity of the Pluripotency Network (PLASTINET). You will contribute to analyses of the fundamental biology of pluripotency and pluripotent stem cells in different mammals. The laboratory is currently based in the Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute https://www.stemcells.cam.ac.uk/People/pi/smith and will relocate to the Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, in July 2020 https://www.exeter.ac.uk/livingsystems/.
Research assistant candidates should have an MSc or equivalent in Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, Systems Biology or related subject. Research Associate candidates should have a PhD or equivalent research doctorate in computational biology or bioinformatics.
You will develop and implement algorithms, analysis methods and visualisation tools for dissecting multi-omics datasets. In particular, you will use scRNAseq, ChIPseq and ATAC-seq data in order to elucidate the regulatory networks governing pluripotency and undertake comparisons across species. You will also be encouraged to develop new analyses within the group’s field of interest.
Candidates will have proven capacity to understand and execute high-throughput data analysis, and should be familiar with a UNIX/Linux environment and programming/scripting language (Python, R, Matlab). General knowledge of molecular cell biology and experience in sequencing analysis will be beneficial. Specific training and support will be provided as needed.
Good communication skills and the ability to work effectively in a team are essential. This post will transfer to the University of Exeter in July 2020.
Research Assistant salary range £26,715-£30,942; Research Associate salary range £32,816-£40,322, depending on experience and qualification.
Fixed-term: The funds for this post are available for 3 years in the first instance.
To apply for this post please follow this link: http://www.jobs.cam.ac.uk/job/24910/. Click the ‘Apply’ button on Job Opportunitues to register an account with the Cambridge University recruitment system (if you have not already) and apply online.
The closing date is 20 February 2020, with interviews to be confirmed.
Please ensure that you upload a covering letter and CV in the Upload section of the online application. If you upload any additional documents which have not been requested, we will not be able to consider these as part of your application.
Please include details of your referees, one of whom must be your most recent line manager, with email address and phone number.
Please quote reference PS22234 on your application and in any correspondence about this vacancy.
The University actively supports equality, diversity and inclusion and encourages applications from all sections of society.
The University has a responsibility to ensure that all employees are eligible to live and work in the UK.
We are looking for highly motivated individuals who share our passion for science and would like to work in a friendly and collaborative environment.
Fully funded PhD student and Postdoc positions are available in the laboratory of Dr. Peng Huang in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biologyat the University of Calgary, Canada.We use zebrafish as a model system to understand how tissue patterning is achieved and how tissue integrity is maintained. We study the spinal cord patterning to understand how different cell signaling pathways (Hedgehog and Notch signaling) interact during cell fate specification. We also study how non-muscle cells (e.g., tendon fibroblasts and muscle progenitor cells) contribute to muscle development, degeneration and regeneration. For more information about the lab and our recent publications, please visit: https://people.ucalgary.ca/~huangp/index.html
PhD student candidates should have a BS or MSc in Molecular Biology, Genetics, Developmental Biology or a related discipline, a strong academic background, good English skills and an enthusiasm for research. Previous lab experience with genetic model organisms is preferred but not required. Excellent written and verbal communication skills are critical.
Postdoc candidates should have a PhD in Developmental Genetics or a related discipline, excellent molecular biology skills, and a strong interest in developmental biology. Excellent written and verbal communication skills are critical. The candidate must have a track record of academic success as evidenced by peer-reviewed publications, awards and scholarships.
To apply, please send a cover letter summarizing previous research experiences and future goals and the CV with names of 2-3 references to Peng Huang, peng.huang@gmail.com with the subject line “PhD Student Position” or “Postdoc Position”.
Calgary, Canada’s fastest growing major city, is vibrant and multicultural with a population of more than 1.2 million. Situated near the Rocky Mountains, Banff National Park and Lake Louise, Calgary offers great quality of life and outstanding recreational activities.
A postdoctoral position is available in the group of Elke Ober at DanStem. The team studies fundamental mechanisms of tissue morphogenesis in the liver. The aim is to understand how different cell types communicate with each other and how the resulting cell behaviours establish an organ with a functional tissue architecture and of the correct size. To achieve this, the group utilises zebrafish genetic tools and state-of the-art molecular and cell biology techniques, such as mRNA sequencing, genome editing, confocal and light-sheet microscopy. This research project will employ a multi-disciplinary approach to understand how liver size is controlled combining zebrafish models of liver growth with human in vitro models. Starting date for this position is 1 May 2020, or upon agreement with the chosen candidate.
Institute:
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology – DanStem is located at the University of Copenhagen. DanStem addresses basic research questions in stem cell and developmental biology and has activities focused on the translation of promising basic research results into new strategies and targets for the development of new therapies for cancer and chronic diseases such as diabetes and liver failure. Find more information about the Center at http://danstem.ku.dk/.
Job description:
We are seeking a highly motivated and ambitious postdoctoral candidate with a strong background in cell, developmental and/or stem cell biology to join our team. The candidate will investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling start and termination of organ growth in unique zebrafish liver mutants and human in vitro models of hepatic stem cell differentiation using e.g. advanced live cell imaging and transcriptomic approaches. The position is for 2 years with a possible extension.
Qualifications:
Candidates must hold a PhD degree in cell/developmental/stem cell biology or similar, with a track-record of successful scientific work.
Candidates should have a strong background in zebrafish genetics, cell biology and/or live cell imaging and advanced quantitative image analysis.
Previous experience in bioinformatics, next-generation sequencing and/or human stem cell differentiation are considered an advantage.
Good English communication skills, both oral and written, are prerequisite for the successful candidate.
Terms of employment:
The employment is planned to start 1 May 2020 or upon agreement with the chosen candidate. The full-time position is for 2 years with possiblity of extension. The terms of employment are set according to the Agreement between the Ministry of Finance and The Danish Confederation of Professional Associations or other relevant professional organization. The position will be at the level of postdoctoral fellow and the basic salary according to seniority. Currently, the salary starts at 34.360 DKK/approx. 4,.590 Euro (October 2019-level). A supplement could be negotiated, dependent on the candidate´s experiences and qualifications. In addition a monthly contribution of 17.1% of the salary is paid into a pension fund.
Non-Danish and Danish applicants may be eligible for tax reductions, if they hold a PhD degree and have not lived in Denmark the last 10 years.
The position is covered by the “Memorandum on the Job Structure of Academic Staff at Universities” of 11 December 2019.
Questions:
For further information contact Associate Professor Elke Ober, elke.ober@sund.ku.dk.
Application Instruction:
The application must be submitted in English, by clicking on “Apply online” below. Only online applications will be accepted.
The application must include:
Cover letter detailing the basis on which the applicant scientific qualifications meet the requirements for this position.
Curriculum vitae.
List of references (full address, incl. email and phone number)
Diplomas – all relevant certificates.
List of publications
Deadline for applications: 5 March 2020, 23.59pm.
The further process:
After the expiry of the deadline for applications, the authorized recruitment manager selects applicants for assessment on the advice of the Appointments Committee. All applicants are then immediately notified whether their application has been passed for assessment by an expert assessment committee. Selected applicants are notified of the composition of the committee and each applicant has the opportunity to comment on his/her assessment. You may read about the recruitment process at http://employment.ku.dk.
The applicant will be assessed according to the Ministerial Order no. 242 of 13 March 2012 on the Appointment of Academic Staff at Universities.
University of Copenhagen wish to reflect the diversity of society and welcome applications from all qualified candidates regardless of age, disability, gender, nationality, race, religion or sexual orientation. Appointment will be based on merit alone.
We are looking for a curious, enthusiastic and creative team member for new exciting projects in our lab (postdoc or staff scientist). The Fuhrmann Laboratory investigates the role of signaling pathways (Wnt, TGFbeta, Hippo, Hedgehog) during ocular development and regeneration in mouse. We investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating early eye patterning, RPE development and closure of the optic fissure during formation of the optic cup. We determine how signaling pathways control regeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the adult eye. The lab is located in the Vanderbilt Eye Institute and is affiliated with the Cell and Developmental Biology Dept. at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN (https://www.vumc.org/fuhrmannlab/).
We are seeking candidates with a strong motivation in applying advanced imaging techniques and functional physiology techniques, and a solid background in cell biology, biochemistry and tissue culture paradigms to study aspects of ocular development and/or regeneration in mouse. Successful candidates must have a recent PhD in Life Sciences or equivalent with at least one first-author publication from their graduate work. We look forward to a talented and highly motivated team member. Candidates with less than 2 years of postgraduate work are specifically encouraged to apply. To apply, email a brief cover letter describing research accomplishments and future research goals, current CV with list of publications, and contact information for 3 professional references to:
Welcome to our monthly trawl for developmental biology (and related) preprints.
This month’s trawl includes a veritable farm, with developmental studies of potatoes, beetroot, tomato, maize, wheat, pigs, cows and goats, plus many of the usual suspects. They were hosted on bioRxivandarXiv. Let us know if we missed anything. Use these links to get to the section you want:
Differences in mitochondrial activity trigger cell competition during early mouse development
Ana Lima, Gabriele Lubatti, Jörg Burgstaller, Di Hu, Alistair Green, Aida Di Gregorio, Tamzin Zawadzki, Barbara Pernaute, Elmir Mahammadov, Marian Dore, Juan Miguel Sanchez, Sarah Bowling, Margarida Sancho, Mohammad Karimi, David Carling, Nick Jones, Shankar Srinivas, Antonio Scialdone, Tristan A. Rodriguez
Local retinoic acid directs emergence of the extraocular muscle functional unit
Glenda Comai, Marketa Tesarova, Valerie Dupé, Muriel Rhinn, Pedro Vallecillo Garcia, Fabio da Silva, Betty Feret, Katherine Exelby, Pascal Dollé, Leif Carlsson, Brian Pryce, Francois Spitz, Sigmar Stricker, Tomas Zikmund, Jozef Kaiser, James Briscoe, Andreas Schedl, Norbert B. Ghyselinck, Ronen Schweitzer, Shahragim Tajbakhsh
Cell-type specific impact of glucocorticoid receptor activation on the developing brain
Cristiana Cruceanu, Leander Dony, Anthi C. Krontira, David S. Fischer, Simone Roeh, Rossella Di Giaimo, Christina Kyrousi, Janine Arloth, Darina Czamara, Silvia Martinelli, Stefanie Wehner, Michael S. Breen, Maik Koedel, Susann Sauer, Monika Rex-Haffner, Silvia Cappello, Fabian J. Theis, Elisabeth B. Binder
Hearts and kidneys from Cott-Solomon and Kuruvilla
Regulation of human development by ubiquitin chain editing of chromatin remodelers
David B. Beck, Mohammed A. Basar, Anthony J. Asmar, Joyce Thompson, Hirotsugu Oda, Daniela T. Uehara, Ken Saida, Precilla D’Souza, Joann Bodurtha, Weiyi Mu, Kristin W. Barañano, Noriko Miyake, Raymond Wang, Marlies Kempers, Yutaka Nishimura, Satoshi Okada, Tomoki Kosho, Ryan Dale, Apratim Mitra, Ellen Macnamara, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Naomichi Matsumoto, Johi Inazawa, Magdalena Walkiewicz, Cynthia J. Tifft, Ivona Aksentijevich, Daniel L. Kastner, Pedro P. Rocha, Achim Werner
Hox-dependent coordination of cardiac progenitor cell patterning and differentiation
Sonia Stefanovic, Brigitte Laforest, Jean-Pierre Desvignes, Fabienne Lescroart, Laurent Argiro, Corinne Maurel-Zaffran, David Salgado, Christopher de Bono, Kristijan Pazur, Magali Théveniau-Ruissy, Christophe Béroud, Michel Pucéat, Anthony Gavalas, Robert G. Kelly, Stéphane Zaffran
Single cell epigenomic atlas of the developing human brain and organoids
Ryan S. Ziffra, Chang N. Kim, Amy Wilfert, Tychele N. Turner, Maximilian Haeussler, Alex M. Casella, Pawel F. Przytycki, Anat Kreimer, Katherine S. Pollard, Seth A. Ament, Evan E. Eichler, Nadav Ahituv, Tomasz J. Nowakowski
Molecular and genetic regulation of pig pancreatic islet cell development
Seokho Kim, Robert L. Whitener, Heshan Peiris, Xueying Gu, Charles A. Chang, Jonathan Y. Lam, Joan Camunas-Soler, Insung Park, Romina J. Bevacqua, Krissie Tellez, Stephen R. Quake, Jonathan R. T. Lakey, Rita Bottino, Pablo J. Ross, Seung K. Kim
Sox2 modulation increases naïve pluripotency plasticity
Kathryn Tremble, Giuliano G. Stirparo, Lawrence E. Bates, Katsiaryna Maskalenka, Hannah T. Stuart, Kenneth Jones, Amanda Andersson-Rolf, Aliaksandra Radzisheuskaya, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Paul Bertone, José C. R. Silva
Neural stem cells traffic functional mitochondria via extracellular vesicles to correct mitochondrial dysfunction in target cells
Luca Peruzzotti-Jametti, Joshua D Bernstock, Giulia Manferrari, Rebecca Rogall, Erika Fernandez-Vizarra, James C Williamson, Alice Braga, Aletta Van den Bosch, Tommaso Leonardi, Agnes Kittel, Cristiane Beninca, Nunzio Vicario, Sisareuth Tan, Carlos Bastos, Iacopo Bicci, Nunzio Iraci, Jayden A Smith, Paul J Lehner, Edit I Buzas, Nuno Faria, Massimo Zeviani, Christian Frezza, Alain Brisson, Nicholas J Matheson, Carlo Viscomi, Stefano Pluchino
ATR expands embryonic stem cell fate potential in response to replication stress
Sina Atashpaz, Sara Samadi Shams, Javier Martin Gonzalez, Endre Sebestyén, Negar Arghavanifard, Andrea Gnocchi, Eliene Albers, Simone Minardi, Giovanni Faga, Paolo Soffientini, Elisa Allievi, Valeria Cancila, Angela Bachi, Oscar Fernandez-Capetillo, Claudio Tripodo, Francesco Ferrari, Andrés Joaquin López-Contreras, Vincenzo Costanzo
Maternal genome dominance in early plant embryogenesis
Jaime Alaniz-Fabián, Daoquan Xiang, Gerardo Del Toro-De León, Axel Orozco-Nieto, Peng Gao, Andrew Sharpe, Leon V. Kochian, Gopalan Selvaraj, Nathan Springer, Cei Abreu-Goodger, Raju Datla, C. Stewart Gillmor
COP1 destabilizes DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis
Noel Blanco-Touriñán, Martina Legris, Eugenio G. Minguet, Cecilia Costigliolo-Rojas, María A. Nohales, Elisa Iniesto, Marta García-León, Manuel Pacín, Nicole Heucken, Tim Blomeier, Antonella Locascio, Martin Černý, David Esteve-Bruna, Mónica Díez-Díaz, Břetislav Brzobohatý, Henning Frerigmann, Matías D. Zurbriggen, Steve A. Kay, Vicente Rubio, Miguel A. Blázquez, Jorge J. Casal, David Alabadí
Accurate and Versatile 3D Segmentation of Plant Tissues at Cellular Resolution
Adrian Wolny, Lorenzo Cerrone, Athul Vijayan, Rachele Tofanelli, Amaya Vilches Barro, Marion Louveaux, Christian Wenzl, Susanne Steigleder, Constantin Pape, Alberto Bailoni, Salva Duran-Nebreda, George Bassel, Jan U. Lohmann, Fred A. Hamprecht, Kay Schneitz, Alexis Maizel, Anna Kreshuk
On the origin and evolution of RNA editing in metazoans
Qiye Li, Pei Zhang, Ji Li, Hao Yu, Xiaoyu Zhan, Yuanzhen Zhu, Qunfei Guo, Huishuang Tan, Nina Lundholm, Lydia Garcia, Michael D. Martin, Meritxell Antó Subirats, Yi-Hsien Su, Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo, Mark Q. Martindale, Jr-Kai Yu, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Guojie Zhang
A chemical tool for improved culture of human pluripotent stem cells
Laurence Silpa, Maximilian Schuessler, Gu Liu, Marcus Olivecrona, Lucia Groizard-Payeras, Elizabeth Couper, Carole J. R. Bataille, Mark Stevenson, Len W. Seymour, Stephen G. Davies, William S. James, Sally A. Cowley, Angela J. Russell
CRISPR-Cas13d induces efficient mRNA knock-down in animal embryos
Gopal Kushawah, Joaquin Abugattas-Nuñez del Prado, Juan R. Martinez-Morales, Michelle DeVore, Javier R. Guelfo, Emry O. Brannan, Wei Wang, Timothy J. Corbin, Andrea M. Moran, Alejandro Sánchez Alvarado, Edward Málaga-Trillo, Carter M. Takacs, Ariel A. Bazzini, Miguel A. Moreno-Mateos
The Developing Human Connectome Project: typical and disrupted perinatal functional connectivity
Michael Eyre, Sean P Fitzgibbon, Judit Ciarrusta, Lucilio Cordero-Grande, Anthony N Price, Tanya Poppe, Andreas Schuh, Emer Hughes, Camilla O’Keeffe, Jakki Brandon, Daniel Cromb, Katy Vecchiato, Jesper Andersson, Eugene P Duff, Serena J Counsell, Stephen M Smith, Daniel Rueckert, Joseph V Hajnal, Tomoki Arichi, Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh, Dafnis Batalle, A David Edwards
Curious about novel lymphatic cell types in the meninges?
Excited to explore links between non-neuronal cells, brain activity, and sleep using zebrafish as a model system?
Then consider the Research Associate Position NOW available in the Rihel lab at University College London (Deadline Feb 22, 2020).
Details: Full Time, Grade 7.
Salary (inclusive of London allowance) £35,965 – £43,470 per annum
Duties and Responsibilities: The post-holder will research the genetic and cellular mechanisms of zebrafish sleep in the laboratory of Dr. Jason Rihel. They will join a team of researchers working on various aspects of sleep behaviours in zebrafish, with a focus on the interaction between the brain and a novel lymphatic cell type in the meninges. This position is funded for a period of 24 months in the first instance and will start immediately.
Key Requirements: Applicants must have a PhD in Neurobiology, Genetics, or a related field, together with significant experience in genetics, molecular biology, in vivo imaging, and behavioral neuroscience of a model organism such as zebrafish.
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Kat Arney talks with geneticist and author 
