Cancer Research UK have launched two funding calls to drive progress in our understanding of paediatric cancers. We would like to encourage proposals to investigate one or more of the following concepts-
The basis of tumour initiation and progression
Novel therapeutic approaches
Development of novel biomarkers or methodologies to predict disease progression, to enhance efforts in primary and secondary prevention and intervention
Novel models that would enhance pre-clinical research
Development of more effective and/or less toxic treatments to improve long-term health and quality of life
The Stand up to Cancer-Cancer Research UK Paediatric New Discoveries Challenge focuses on multidisciplinary, multi-institutional, transatlantic teams that want to pursue a step change in our understanding of the drivers of paediatric cancers and the development of novel or repurposed medicines, treatment strategies or technologies
If you have any questions then please don’t hesitate to contact Sheona Scales (Cancer Research UK Lead for Paediatric Research) sheona.scales@cancer.org.uk.
A great opportunity for computationally inclined developmental biologists. Note tight deadline.
-D Parichy
The University of Virginia invites applications for a tenure-track Assistant Professor position with joint appointment in the Department of Biology and the School of Data Science. We seek applicants whose research programs address fundamental questions at the interface of Biology and Data Science. Of particular interest are researchers aiming to develop innovative computational tools to improve biological understanding in areas potentially including but not limited to: genomics and phenotype prediction; cell state and signaling; biological network architecture and information processing; multiscale modelling; cellular, organismal or population dynamics; biological image acquisition and analysis. Applicants are sought whose work will synergize with existing labs in the Department of Biology and elsewhere, with research emphases ranging from molecules to cells and tissues, and organisms to populations and ecosystems, as well as programs in the new School for Data Science in the areas of data acquisition, engineering, analysis, visualization or dissemination. Applicants employing computational methods with or without experimental approaches will be considered.
A successful candidate is expected to establish a vigorous, independent, and externally funded research program as well as provide instruction and scientific training at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Applicants with a respect for diversity and a passion for making a positive impact on the world in a collaborative, open environment are strongly encouraged to apply. The position will begin on August 25, 2020.
Located within the College of Arts and Sciences, the Department of Biology provides an interdisciplinary and collaborative environment for basic research and teaching that spans multiple levels of biological organization. The newly formed School of Data Science, founded with the largest gift in the university’s history, is dedicated to open interdisciplinary research of societal benefit with data science at the core. With the schools of Medicine, Engineering & Applied Sciences, UVA offers a diverse, collegial, interdisciplinary, and collaborative environment.
Applicants must have a Ph.D. in life sciences, computer science, statistics or a related field by the start of their appointment. A successful applicant will also have research accomplishments and plans of outstanding quality and significance at the interface of biology and data science as well as a commitment to excellence in teaching and mentoring. A proven commitment to participate in and further develop a diverse, collegial, interdisciplinary, and collaborative environment needs to be demonstrated.
Please apply online at uva.wd1.myworkdayjobs.com/en-US/UVAJobs/job/Charlottesville-VA/Assistant-Professor-of-Biology-Data-Science_R0010887 and attach a cover letter that succinctly highlights your most significant research accomplishments, experiences, and qualifications; a curriculum vitae; a research statement that describes your vision for your research program at the university (≤ 3 pages); a statement of teaching goals; a diversity statement that describes your past experience working on issues of diversity, equity and inclusion and/or working with diverse populations; and the contact information of three references.
Review of applications will begin November 3, 2019; candidates who apply by then will be given priority consideration, but the position will remain open until filled.
Assistant Professor of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine
The Department of Developmental Biology at Washington University School of Medicine invites applications at the level of assistant professor on the tenure track. We are seeking outstanding colleagues with an interest in any area of developmental biology, including the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of embryogenesis, cell fate specification and reprogramming, regeneration, aging, tissue engineering and quantitative approaches to developmental biology. Faculty in the Department of Developmental Biology employ a broad range of cell culture systems and model organisms including human embryonic stem cells, C. elegans, D. melanogaster, zebrafish and mouse. For more information, please visit our website at http://devbio.wustl.edu/.
Review of applications will start October 15, 2019. Interested applicants are required to submit their cover letter, curriculum vitae, and summary of their research accomplishments and plans through the online application website found at https://facultyopportunities.wustl.edu/Posting/Detail/1010397.
Applicants should also be prepared to provide the names and email contact information for three referees to provide letters of recommendation during the application process.
Washington University seeks an exceptionally qualified and diverse faculty; women, minorities, protected veterans and candidates with disabilities are strongly encouraged to apply.
The apical hook is a transient structure that functions to protect the vulnerable apical meristem from damage when the seedling penetrates the soil. Although some of the molecular players regulating its development have been identified, many aspects have remained opaque, including how an early auxin asymmetry in the hypocotyl is established. A paper in Development now provides a link between hormone signalling and the gravitropic response of the seedling’s growing root in apical hook development. We caught up with co-first authors Qiang Zhu and Marçal Gallemí and their supervisor Eva Benková, Professor at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria in Klosterneuberg, to find out more about the project.
Qiang, Marçal and Eva (L-R)
Eva, can you give us your scientific biography and the questions your lab is trying to answer?
EB I studied Molecular Biology and Genetics at the Masaryk University in the Czech Republic, and then obtained my PhD at the Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences. As a postdoctoral fellow, I joined the laboratories of Professor Klaus Palme at the Max Planck Institute, Cologne, and Professor Gerd Jurgens at the University of Tübingen. During my PhD studies and later as a postdoctoral fellow I became interested in plant hormones and their exceptional impact on all aspects of plant development. I was fascinated by the simple and (among plant biologists) well-known experiment by Murashige and Skoog in reported 1957: they demonstrated that a modulation of the ratio between two plant hormones, auxin and cytokinin, can re-define the developmental programme of meristematic cells, resulting in either shoot or root formation. Thus, in 2007, when I got the opportunity to lead my independent research as group leader at the Plant Systems Biology department of the VIB in Belgium, I decided to pursue this topic and fully focus on plant hormones and the mechanisms underlying their cross-talk. In 2012, I moved to the Institute of Science and Technology Austria, where I continue this research line. My team is trying to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying complex hormonal interactions and identify key points at which hormonal signalling pathways converge to control plant growth and development.
Qiang and Marçal, how did you come to work in the lab, and what drives your research today?
QZ As a plant biologist, I am impressed by how plants have developed complicated mechanisms that enable rapid and flexible adaptation of their growth and development to their ever-changing surrounding environment, and I’m curious about the mechanisms behind this. When I was in Ghent University, Eva and my previous lab had some joint projects on development of the apical hook, a very important transient structure for dicots when they grow out of the dark. At that time, I got to know this interesting model, and wanted to know more about it. It’s this interest in the topic and project that mainly drives my research. I am so lucky that I had the chance to join the Benková lab and work on the project. My research is greatly supported by Eva, who is talented, hard-thinking and dedicated. It’s really nice to work with her: we have a lot of discussions about this project, which also drive me to deeper investigation into the secret behind the formation of the apical hook.
MG Working in a lab, and specifically a molecular biology lab, is like playing games every day! We assemble and disassemble pieces of a puzzle trying to get to know what are they for, how they work and how they interact. Curiosity is what mainly drives my research but, with the current status of our planet, including extremely exploited natural resources, pollution and global warming, understanding how plants grow and adapt to the environment is also a key question for humanity.
Working in a lab…is like playing games every day
What was known about apical hook development before your current work, and in particular the role of gravity in the process?
EB The apical hook is developmentally a very important structure, which is transiently formed during germination to protect a delicate apical meristem and cotyledons from damage when seedlings penetrate through the soil. Several studies have reported that apical hook formation is driven by asymmetric distribution of auxin accumulating at the inner side of the hook. However, how this asymmetric pattern of auxin distribution is established, and which mechanisms determine formation of the apical hook during early phases of seedling germination, was largely unknown. Although previously there have been some indications that gravity might play a role in the apical hook development, for example from plants observed in space and from our own research, no systematic studies were reported. Compared with other plant developmental processes, research on the apical hook has lagged behind, probably due to the lack of a suitable technique that would enable observation of this process occurring in darkness. Luckily, with establishment of the dark-imaging system we could start to monitor the whole process of apical hook development in real time. I think this has been the most important technical advance and enabled us to address many interesting questions.
An apical hook with the DR5::RFP auxin-sensitive reporter in magenta and PIN3::PIN3-GFP in green.
Can you give us the key results of the paper in a paragraph?
EB In our work, we showed that during early phases of germination, gravity-stimulated bending of the root acts as the initial cue to coordinate the formation of the apical hook. The core machinery mediating the root’s response to gravity is required for apical hook formation, and PIN2, which so far was considered to be a root-specific auxin efflux carrier, acts as an essential integrator of root-to-hypocotyl communication. We found that during early phases of germination, PIN2 activity is not restricted to the root: it manages transport of auxin to the hypocotyl, thus providing initial asymmetry in auxin distribution, which is further reinforced by the polar auxin transport machinery that is gradually established in the hypocotyl. Hence, two distinct developmental events taking place at opposite poles (root and shoot) of the plant axis are regulated by common regulatory machinery. Finally, we demonstrated that establishment of such inter-organelle transport system is a result of tight interplay between two hormonal pathways, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA), acting antagonistically during embryo maturation and early germination.
How do you think gravity-stimulated, auxin-driven root bending is transmitted to promote development of the apical hook?
QZ Based on our work and published findings, we hypothesise that the initial gravity-stimulated, auxin-driven root bending might promote differences in mechanical forces at opposite sides of hypocotyl, which eventually would lead to an asymmetry in PIN expression. In support of such a scenario, it has been reported that changes in mechanical strains, such as modifications of turgor pressure or the application of external force, have considerable impact on subcellular trafficking and membrane localisation of PINs.
What do you think ABA and GA signalling are doing in the process?
MG Several recent studies including our work have reported that ABA affects the expression and membrane localisation of PIN auxin efflux carriers, key players in the regulation of apical hook formation. Intriguingly, ABA has been found to control stability of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RopGEFs), well-established regulators of ROPs, a family of small GTPases implicated in various cellular processes including control of PIN polar membrane localisation. This potential mechanistic link would definitely be worth further investigation. Unlike ABA, which reduces levels of PINs, GA has been found to interfere with lytic degradation of PIN proteins and consequently to enhance their accumulation at plasma membrane. So a speculative and plausible scenario is that the dynamic balance between ABA and GA signalling during embryo maturation and the early phases of germination tightly controls the expression and plasma membrane localisation of PIN auxin efflux carriers, thus leading to proper hypocotyl growth and apical hook formation. How these two hormonal pathways mutually interact and which components of their respective pathways are specifically involved in apical hook formation requires further research.
When doing the research, did you have any particular result or eureka moment that has stuck with you?
QZ The most exciting moment for me was when I realised that the root gravitropic response is important for apical hook formation, by carefully observing kinetics of newly forming hooks. And when I found that green embryos are unable to form apical hooks despite a normal root gravity response, I knew this had provided an exciting model to study the mechanisms behind its development and in particular communication between these two organs.
MG My ‘aha!’ moment of this study was when I realised that seedlings germinating from mature embryos on medium supplemented with ABA resembled those grown from green embryos (at certain concentration the root is still growing, whereas cells in the shoot are not able to elongate anymore). This nicely supported our hypothesis that seedlings developing from green embryos might not able to form apical hooks because of their high levels of ABA. Thus, to stimulate formation of the apical hooks in these seedlings we might only need to deplete the excess ABA!
And what about the flipside: any moments of frustration or despair?
QZ For me, the moments of frustration were at the very beginning when I started this project. I had to peel off the Arabidopsis seed coats and isolate the embryos: you know, it’s very difficult to do this even under the microscope. I am so happy that after a long time practicing, my hands do not shake and I can operate freely with the seeds.
MG In line with the previous question, I tried many things to stimulate the growth of green embryos and observe the formation of an apical hook (auxin, GA, Norflurazon, abamine, etc.). It was really frustrating to see no rescue of growth, even in the ABA synthesis mutants or using chemicals that are supposed to inhibit ABA synthesis. It was not until the last trial, in which we combined several treatments (abamine and GA together in the aba2-1 mutant background), that we finally succeeded and could observe growth and apical hook formation in seedlings germinating from green embryos.
So what next for you two after this paper?
QZ I established my own research group in China after I left the Benková lab. Currently, we are studying bamboo as a new research model. Bamboo is probably the fastest growing plant on earth but until now nobody knew why it grows so fast: our group is trying to reveal the molecular mechanisms behind this. The research experiences in Eva’s lab really contributed a lot to my current research, and all the projects are running smoothly. So far, so good.
MG Next paper! We always have the next project in mind, and I am currently finishing experiments for what will be the next manuscript.
Where will this work take the Benková lab?
EB Now we know that if we want to fully understand mechanisms underlying formation of the apical hook, we have to also take into consideration processes occurring well before the bending of the hook itself, such as embryo maturation, outgrowth of the embryonic root and its alignment with the gravity vector. There are also many questions related to the cross-talk between ABA and GA and role of these hormones in coordination of the polar auxin transport required for proper formation of the apical hook. Finally, yet importantly, we still know very little about the pathways downstream of auxin that control the differential cell growth essential for hook development, but also bending of roots, hypocotyls or stems during gravi- or phototropism.
Finally, let’s move outside the lab – what do you like to do in your spare time?
QZ I left Vienna 4 years ago, and this question makes me recall the wonderful time I had in Austria, when my wife, my daughter and I would spend most of our free time traveling Vienna and the small towns around. We really enjoyed the charm of the music capital, and were impressed by the culture and atmosphere there.
MG I enjoy doing sport a lot, and the IST campus is a really good place for that. So I enjoy playing football and volleyball with my colleagues in the yards we have in the campus, and I also enjoy cycling and running in the woods around the campus. I feel privileged to have so many green areas surrounding the campus: there is nothing better for the brain than freshly produced oxygen from the woods!
EB I love gardening, not only because it is nice to have fresh vegetables and fruits, but I very much enjoy observing plants grow, seeing how they change from day to day, getting new leaves, flowers, tasty fruits… I also like travelling with my family, and especially hikes in mountains; a beautiful view into valley after a long tour is always worthwhile.
An exciting opportunity has arisen to join the Childhood Leukaemia Research Group led by Professor Anindita Roy at the University of Oxford. The group’s research explores how childhood leukaemia develops before birth, with a focus on developmental haematopoiesis and treatment resistant infant leukaemia. This post has funding for a total of five years from Wellcome Trust.
In the latest episode we’re getting our hands dirty by delving into the poop-ome – the trillions of bacteria that live inside our guts and make up what’s known as the microbiome. Rather than simply being a bunch of bugs, the microbiome is now believed to play a role in virtually every aspect of health and disease. But what are they up to? How do we even know what species are in there? And can you blame your stinky farts on your gut bacteria?
If you enjoy the show, please do rate and review and spread the word. And you can always send feedback and suggestions for future episodes and guests to podcast@geneticsunzipped.com
Joining an experienced and successful team, including Editor-in-Chief Michael Way, this is an exciting opportunity for a talented scientific editor to make a significant contribution to an important journal in the field of cell biology. Journal of Cell Science publishes outstanding primary research articles, reviews and topical comment, and continues to expand its services to authors and readers.
Applicants should have a PhD, and ideally postdoctoral experience, in cell biology or a relevant scientific field, and a broad knowledge of cell biology. The successful candidate will have strong communication, networking and interpersonal skills. We are also looking for enthusiasm, motivation, commitment, and a broad interest in science and the scientific community. Editorial experience is preferable but not essential.
Core responsibilities include:
Commissioning, handling peer review and developmental editing of review-type content
Maintaining and developing the ‘Cell Scientists to Watch’ interviews section of the journal
Writing content for the Research Highlights section of the journal
Representation of the journal at local and international conferences and within the wider scientific community
Creative involvement in the journal’s development and marketing activities
Additional responsibilities may be available for the right candidate. The Features and Reviews Editor will work alongside both an experienced Executive Editor and Senior Editor. This is a permanent, full-time position, and is based in The Company of Biologists’ attractive modern offices on the outskirts of Cambridge, UK.
The Company of Biologists exists to support biologists and inspire advances in biology. At the heart of what we do are our five specialist journals – Development, Journal of Cell Science, Journal of Experimental Biology, Disease Models & Mechanisms and Biology Open. We take great pride in the quality of the work we publish. We believe that the profits from publishing the hard work of biologists should support scientific discovery and help develop future scientists. Our grants help support societies, meetings and individuals. Our workshops and meetings give the opportunity to network and collaborate.
Applicants should be eligible to work in the UK and are requested to send to recruitment@biologists.com: a CV; a 400-word summary of a recent ground-breaking development in cell biology; and a cover letter explaining their interest in the post. Initial application deadline is 6 November 2019, but we will consider applications on a rolling basis so encourage candidates to apply as soon as possible.
Journal of Cell Science, published by The Company of Biologists, is seeking enthusiastic and motivated applicants for the role of Features & Reviews Editor.
Joining an experienced and successful team, including Editor-in-Chief Michael Way, this is an exciting opportunity for a talented scientific editor to make a significant contribution to an important journal in the field of cell biology. Journal of Cell Science publishes outstanding primary research articles, reviews and topical comment, and continues to expand its services to authors and readers.
Applicants should have a PhD, and ideally postdoctoral experience, in cell biology or a relevant scientific field, and a broad knowledge of cell biology. The successful candidate will have strong communication, networking and interpersonal skills. We are also looking for enthusiasm, motivation, commitment, and a broad interest in science and the scientific community. Editorial experience is preferable but not essential.
Core responsibilities include:
• Commissioning, handling peer review and developmental editing of review-type content
• Maintaining and developing the ‘Cell Scientists to Watch’ interviews section of the journal
• Writing content for the Research Highlights section of the journal
• Representation of the journal at local and international conferences and within the wider
scientific community
• Creative involvement in the journal’s development and marketing activities
Additional responsibilities may be available for the right candidate. The Features and Reviews Editor will work alongside both an experienced Executive Editor and Senior Editor. This is a permanent, full-time position, and is based in The Company of Biologists’ attractive modern offices on the outskirts of Cambridge, UK.
The Company of Biologists exists to support biologists and inspire advances in biology. At the heart of what we do are our five specialist journals – Development, Journal of Cell Science, Journal of
Experimental Biology, Disease Models & Mechanisms and Biology Open. We take great pride in the quality of the work we publish. We believe that the profits from publishing the hard work of
biologists should support scientific discovery and help develop future scientists. Our grants help support societies, meetings and individuals. Our workshops and meetings give the opportunity to
network and collaborate.
Applicants should be eligible to work in the UK and are requested to send to recruitment@biologists.com: a CV; a 400-word summary of a recent ground-breaking development in cell biology; and
a cover letter explaining their interest in the post. Initial application deadline is 6 November 2019, but we will consider applications on a rolling basis so encourage candidates to apply as soon as
possible.
The Company of Biologists is looking to recruit an experienced Scientific Copy Editor to work across our portfolio of five life-science journals.
The role entails copyediting articles to a high standard, compiling author corrections, overseeing the journal production process, and liaising with authors, academic editors, external production suppliers and in-house staff to ensure that articles are published in a timely and professional manner.
Candidates should have a degree (ideally a PhD) in a relevant scientific area. Previous copyediting experience is essential. Additional requirements include excellent literacy skills, high attention to detail, a diplomatic communication style, good interpersonal and IT skills, a flexible approach and the ability to work to tight deadlines.
The position gives an experienced copy editor the opportunity to work on our highly successful life-science journals and offers an attractive salary and benefits. The position will be based in The Company of Biologists’ attractive modern offices on the outskirts of Cambridge, UK.
The Company of Biologists (biologists.com) exists to support biologists and inspire advances in biology. At the heart of what we do are our five specialist journals – Development, Journal of Cell
Science, Journal of Experimental Biology, Disease Models & Mechanisms and Biology Open – two of them fully open access. All are edited by expert researchers in the field, and all articles are
subjected to rigorous peer review. We take great pride in the experience of our editorial team and the quality of the work we publish. We believe that the profits from publishing the hard work of
biologists should support scientific discovery and help develop future scientists. Our grants help support societies, meetings and individuals. Our workshops and meetings give the opportunity to
network and collaborate.
Applicants should send a CV to recruitment@biologists.com, along with a covering letter that summarises their relevant experience, why they are enthusiastic about the role, and their current salary.
All applications must be received by 6 November 2019.
Development covers showcase the beauty of developmental biology. Embryos, tissues and cells are rendered in striking colour palettes and artistic arrangements. We mainly receive confocal image submissions but sometimes also EM and standard light microscopy. And sometimes, art – like our most recent cover, a schematic overview of C. elegans created by Annabel Ebbing, PhD student in Hendrik Korswagen’s labat the Hubrecht Institute in The Netherlands and first author of a new paper on neuroblast migration. We caught up with Annabel to find out how her beautiful cover came about and how she thinks about art and science.
Annabel’s cover
Can you tell us about your PhD project and your new Development paper?
The project started a while back (in 2013), when I was still a Master’s intern student at the Korswagen lab. My direct supervisor was Teije (the shared first author on this paper) who helped me with the imaging and epistasis experiments to elucidate the role of the Fat-like cadherins CDH-4 and CDH-3 in Q neuroblast migration. In the meanwhile, he did similar experiments for UNC-40, DPY-19, and MIG-21. Finally, when I started my PhD I set out to combine the two projects. This was during the emergence of CRISPR as a standardized tool for C. elegans, which really helped the project get to the state where it is now. We managed to study the effects of tissue specific protein depletions and endogenous protein localization, which together really resolved some of the outstanding questions we had concerning the interplay between proteins and a possible molecular mechanism. All in all, there are several proteins involved in Wnt independent Q neuroblast migration; apart from their own roles they have overlapping functions as well, making it a complex and highly regulated mechanism controlling protrusion formation and directionality.
Have you always been interested in art as well as science?
Both art and science have always been fascinating subjects to me. Actually, I wanted to pursue a more artistic education at a certain point, but I decided to study biology in the end to feed my general curiosity. Pursuing a career in science did not make me leave the artistic side altogether though. I especially love thinking about scientific projects in a more abstract way. For me the process of visualization helps in my understanding of a certain subject.
Where did you get the idea for submitting cover art rather than something more standard?
Well, last year we published a paper in Development Cell, for which I made the cover. So when we were asked to submit a cover proposal for Development, I decided to take a similar approach. I love drawing and painting and honestly thought the immunofluorescence images for this project were rather dull (sometimes you see these amazing structures of cells, organs, and even organisms and our imaging was just rather 2D). Let’s say, the choice to draw was quickly made.
Annabel’s Developmental Cell cover from last year
Can you tell us a little about the process of designing the piece?
I started the piece by trying to make an abstract overview of a worm, including a migrating Q neuroblast, using simple lines and dots. Later on, I imported the file in illustrator and made the background. Most covers of Development (if not all) have a dark/black background, so I decided to use dark colors, which made a nice contrast with the black and white worm.
The abstract worm drawing at the heart of Annabel’s piece
How did Aboriginal art influence the work?
Aboriginal art is an artform of storytelling; using simple lines and dots the Aborigines manage to tell entire stories and legends. Since the mechanism underlying the process of Wnt independent Q neuroblast migration is rather complex, I thought there would be no better way to illustrate it than in such a narrative-rich manner.
Annabel’s final piece (minus the Development augmentations)
What’s next for you after this paper?
I am submitting my thesis as we speak! So I guess the main focus for the coming months is the defense. Art wise that means I am illustrating a cover for every chapter, which is a lot of fun! Moreover, together with colleagues we are preparing another manuscript at the moment, which will hopefully be accepted sometime this winter.
Some more worm art from Annabel
Some previous artistic Development covers
This picture pays homage to M. C. Escher’s tessellation studies and Alan Turing’s reaction-diffusion mechanism. Both Turing and Escher were interested in pattern generation and the changes of organic forms, two phenomena central to evolutionary developmental biology, as addressed here in the context of periodic patterning in the turtle shell. From Moustakas-Verho, et al. https://dev.biologists.org/content/141/15/3033?iss=15
Taking the iconic example of the Nautilus pompilius shell from Darcy Thompson’s On Growth and Form, the rules of logarithmic spiral growth were abstracted as the foundation to develop a computational model. By experimenting with its parameters, an array of new shapes was created, highlighting the important role that computational modelling has in advancing our understanding of complex physical form in the field of developmental biology. Image created by Jennifer Ma (Zandstra lab, University of Toronto, Canada) and Matthew Spremulli (Living Architecture Systems Group and University of Toronto, Canada). To find out more, visit http://thenode.biologists.com/behind-the-cover/interview/.
Recently, two iconic developmental biology models entered into the single cell genomics era: chick and zebrafish. In this image, line art was traced using real embryo images for reference and filled with individual dots to represent the reduction of the whole embryo to its smallest structural, functional and biological unit: the cell. This cover was chosen by Special Issue guest editors Allon Klein and Barbara Treutlein from entries to Development’s cover competition. By Martin Estermann (Monash University, Australia).
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